We report net peptide content, not just purity — so the milligrams you dose aren't padded with water and counter-ion. RP-HPLC purity and ESI-MS identity, on a lot-numbered COA.
Net peptide content, not just purity — RP-HPLC + ESI-MS, lot-numbered COA.
Net peptide content on every lot's COA.
Reading a Peptide HPLC Trace — A 5-Minute Field Guide for Bench Scientists. Read our briefing →
Reading a peptide HPLC trace — a field guide. Read →
On reading HPLC traces. Read →
Lab Notes
Field guides written for academic labs, biotech R&D groups, CROs, and shared instrumentation cores. Methodology-first, no marketing, no compliance speculation.
An identity, receptor-pharmacology, and analytical-verification comparison of the four most-sourced GLP-1 and metabolic research peptides — with CAS numbers, molecular weights, and per-lot documentation priorities.
Published May 30, 2026 · 8 min read
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MethodologyA bench-science procurement checklist for peptide reference-standard release: COA, HPLC trace, MS identity, sequence evidence, purity method, counter-ion, water, and storage data.
Published May 26, 2026 · 5 min read
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MethodologyA lab-side verification workflow for Semaglutide, Tirzepatide, Retatrutide, Cagrilintide, MOTS-c, AOD9604, NAD+, and adjacent metabolic-research standards.
Published May 28, 2026 · 7 min read
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Lab NoteHow to read the chromatogram that ships with your lot — main peak, retention time, the truncations clustered around it, baseline behaviour, and what each tells you about the synthesis.
Published May 20, 2026 · 5 min read
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Lab NoteESI-MS on the lot report confirms a molecular weight, not a sequence. Where the gap matters, why isobaric pairs and chain-order swaps slip through, and the two analytical add-ons that actually prove sequence — LC-MS/MS fragmentation and Edman degradation.
Published May 25, 2026 · 7 min read
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Lab NoteLyophilized peptides are more stable than solutions but not inert. The dominant solid-state degradation pathways (Asn deamidation, Asp isomerization via succinimide, Met/Cys/Trp oxidation), what storage conditions actually buy you, and how ICH Q1A frames the documentation a bench scientist or buyer should ask for.
Published May 25, 2026 · 8 min read
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Lab NoteThe 15-residue gastric pentadecapeptide that keeps showing up in tendon, ligament, GI mucosal, and angiogenesis studies. The mechanism the recent literature actually supports (ERK1/2, GH receptor, NO pathway), what the 2025 first-in-human pilot showed, and the sourcing decisions a research lab faces ahead of the July 2026 FDA PCAC review.
Published May 25, 2026 · 9 min read
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Lab NoteThe 16-residue peptide encoded inside the mitochondrial 12S rRNA that keeps appearing in metabolic, exercise, and longevity studies. What the publication base supports (insulin sensitivity, AMPK activation, post-exercise plasma rise), how to design experiments around it, and what to specify when ordering reference-grade material.
Published May 25, 2026 · 8 min read
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Lab NoteCustom synthesis is the right answer for novel sequences, modified analogs, and isotope-labeled material. It's the wrong answer for routinely-cataloged sequences where stocked reference-grade material delivers faster and with better-characterized release data. A practical decision framework for research labs.
Published May 25, 2026 · 7 min read
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Lab NoteThe shoulders and small peaks on a peptide HPLC trace are not noise — they're specific synthesis-related impurities with named chemistry. How to identify the dominant impurity classes, what each tells you about the synthesis, and how the ICH Q3A framework applies (and doesn't) to research-grade peptides.
Published May 25, 2026 · 8 min read
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Lab NoteRP-HPLC tells you purity. ESI-MS tells you molecular mass. Amino acid analysis (AAA) tells you composition — which residues, in what stoichiometry — by a method orthogonal to both. What AAA actually measures, where it catches errors the other two methods can't, and the residue-class limitations every interpretation needs to account for.
Published May 25, 2026 · 7 min read
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Lab NoteMatching a peptide's HPLC retention time to a reference standard is a meaningful identity test in some contexts and a misleading one in others. What system-suitability actually proves, when co-injection is enough, and when only sequencing closes the gap.
Published May 25, 2026 · 6 min read
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Lab NoteSynthetic peptides come off the HPLC purification as TFA salts. The salt form a buyer receives depends on whether the supplier ran an ion-exchange step. TFA-salt material carries variable residual TFA that has documented effects on cell proliferation, AMPK signalling, and several receptor pathways — including some commonly studied with peptide research compounds.
Published May 25, 2026 · 7 min read
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ComparisonBefore the dual- and tri-agonists, two GLP-1 mono-agonists defined the class. An identity, structure, and analytical-verification comparison of Liraglutide and Semaglutide as research reference standards — CAS, formula, sequence length, fatty-acid modification, and per-lot documentation priorities.
Published June 2, 2026 · 7 min read
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ComparisonTwo GLP-1/glucagon dual agonists and a GIP/GLP-1/glucagon tri-agonist define the next incretin wave. An identity and receptor-target comparison of Mazdutide, Survodutide, and Retatrutide as research reference standards — with CAS numbers, mechanism class, and the verification each demands.
Published June 4, 2026 · 8 min read
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MethodologyThe diluent you reconstitute a lyophilized peptide with is part of the experiment, not an afterthought. How bacteriostatic water, sterile water, and dilute acetic-acid water differ — preservative content, pH, single- vs multi-use handling, and which research-peptide solubility problems each one solves.
Published June 1, 2026 · 7 min read
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ComparisonThree growth-hormone-axis research peptides, three different mechanisms. How CJC-1295 (Mod GRF 1-29), Ipamorelin, and Tesamorelin differ by receptor pathway, sequence length, and synthesis difficulty — and what to specify when qualifying each as a reference standard.
Published June 3, 2026 · 8 min read
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Sourcing GuideResearch Use Only is a sourcing and compliance posture, not a disclaimer line. What RUO labelling actually constrains, why it is distinct from GMP and compounding-grade material, and the documentation and import questions a research buyer owns when qualifying an RUO peptide standard.
Published June 2, 2026 · 7 min read
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Sourcing GuideSupplier qualification is a methods-section problem before it is a procurement one. The analytical evidence a research-peptide supplier must produce — identity, purity, composition, counter-ion, endotoxin, stability, and lot traceability — and how to read each against the study you have to defend later.
Published June 1, 2026 · 8 min read
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ComparisonAmylin sits outside the incretin axis, which is exactly why it is studied alongside GLP-1. How Cagrilintide is characterized as a reference standard, why CagriSema is best sourced as two separate lots rather than a pre-mixed blend, and the per-component analytical discipline a co-formulation study needs.
Published June 4, 2026 · 7 min read
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